Welcome to this lab, where we'll explore the building blocks of modern networking: the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). These protocols have been the backbone of the internet since its inception, and understanding how they work is essential for anyone interested in networking.

In this lab, we'll delve into the world of TCP/IP, exploring its layered protocol structure and how it enables devices to communicate with each other over the internet. We'll also examine the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), which maps local IP addresses to Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, allowing devices to communicate with each other on the same network segment.

By the end of this lab, you'll have a solid understanding of TCP/IP and ARP, and how they work together to enable communication over the internet. You'll also gain hands-on experience with using GNS3, a popular network simulator, to explore and test your knowledge of these protocols.

Lab Questions and Answers: 1.1 Core Concepts

1. TCP/IP is a suite of ____________ that provides a set of rules and conventions that govern how data is transmitted, routed, and received between devices on a network.

A. hardware specifications

B. networking protocols

C. government mandates

D. ISO documents

Answer: B

2. An IPv4 address is made up of four __________ and a __________.

Answer: octets; subnet mask

3. If a host on a local network wishes to speak to a host on another network, a __________ is required.

Answer: router

4. Given the following IP Address: 192.168.100.100/24, the fourth octet is the _______ address and the first three octets are the _______ address.

Answer: host; network

Lab Questions and Answers: 1.2 Guided Exercise

1. What is the IP Address and subnet mask on Linux-3?

Answer: 192.168.1.10; 255.255.255.0

2. Which IP addresses and MAC addresses are cached when Linux-1 pings hosts in the 192.168.1.0/24 network? (Choose all that apply)

(select all that apply)

A. The MAC address and IP address of the default gateway.

B. The MAC address and IP address of the hosts being pinged.

C. The MAC address and IP address of the router.

D. None

Answer: A, C

3. There is a flag in the /etc/network/interfaces file on Linux-2. What is the flag?

Answer: NETWORKHERO!

4. What was the total number of ARP requests made in Steps 37-38?

Answer: 4

Lab Questions and Answers: 1.3 Challenge Exercise

1. What are the two networks in this lab? (Use slash notation)

Answer: 192.168.10.0/24; 192.168.100.0/24

2. Which network has the lowest third octet?

Answer: 192.168.10.0/24

3. In the network with the lowest third octet, there is a host with an issue. What is the IP of the host that will not be able to reach other networks?

Answer: 192.168.10.103

4. A host cannot communicate with other local hosts in the network with the highest third octet. What is the IP of that host?

Answer: 192.168.10.101

Conclusion

In this lab, we explored the basics of TCP/IP and ARP using the GNS3 network simulator. We learned how to configure and troubleshoot network devices, including Linux hosts and routers, and how to use tools like ifconfig and arp to analyze network traffic.
By completing this lab, we demonstrated our understanding of TCP/IP and ARP fundamentals, network device configuration and troubleshooting, and the use of GNS3 to simulate network environments and test our knowledge of network protocols.
This lab has provided a solid foundation for further exploration of networking topics and has helped to build our skills and confidence in working with network protocols.